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The Provisional Government of Oregon was a popularly elected settler government created in the Oregon Country, in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. It existed from May 2, 1843 until March 3, 1849, and provided a legal system and a common defense amongst the mostly American pioneers settling an area then inhabited only by the many Indigenous Nations. Much of the region's geography and many of the Natives were not known by people of European descent until several exploratory tours were authorized at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. The Organic Laws of Oregon were adopted in 1843 with its preamble stating that settlers only agreed to the laws "until such time as the United States of America extend their jurisdiction over us."〔 〕 According to a message from the government in 1844, the rising settler population was beginning to flourish among the "savages", who were "the chief obstruction to the entrance of civilization" in a land of "ignorance and idolatry."〔 The government had three branches that included a legislature, judiciary, and executive branch. The executive branch was first the Executive Committee, consisting of three members, in effect from 1843 to 1845; in 1845, a single governor position was created. The judicial branch had a single supreme judge along with several lower courts, and a legislative committee of nine served as a legislature until 1845 when the Oregon House of Representatives was established. ==Background== (詳細はWillamette Valley, with many on the French Prairie at Champoeg. The death of prominent settler Ewing Young on 9 February 1841, who left neither a will or had an heir in Oregon Country, left the future of his property uncertain.〔Horner, John B. (''Oregon: Her History, Her Great Men, Her Literature.'' ) Portland: The J.K. Gill Co. 1919〕 Jason Lee chaired the first meeting organised to discuss the matter on the 17th. He proposed the creation of an authority over the pioneers centered on a governor.〔Grover, La Fayette, (''The Oregon Archives'' ), Salem: A. Bush, 1853〕 French-Canadian settlers blocked the measure and instead a probate judge and a few other positions were appointed.〔 Further attempts of a pioneer government floundered until the numbers of American increased from travel over the Oregon Trail.〔 Initiated by William Gray, the "Wolf Meetings" of early 1843 created a bounty system on predators of settler livestock.〔 Further discussions began among the settlers until A gathering was held at Champoeg on 2 May, with under 150 Americans and French-Canadians participating.〔Bancroft, Hubert and Frances Fuller Victor. (''History of Oregon.'' ) Vol. 1. San Francisco: History Co., 1890.〕 The proposal for forming a provisional government was tabled and voted on twice.〔 The first vote rejected the presented report due to the inclusion of a governor, with a second vote on each individual item proposed.〔Loewenberg, Robert J. ''"Creating a Provisional Government in Oregon: A Revision."'' The Pacific Northwest Quarterly 68, No. 1 (1977), pp. 20-22〕 On 5 July 1843 the Organic Laws of Oregon, modeled after Iowa’s Organic Law and the Ordinance of 1787, were adopted by white colonists of the Willamette Valley, establishing the Provisional Government of Oregon.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Provisional Government of Oregon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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